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Ecumenical Councils:
The Ecumenical Councils of the Church are councils of bishops representing the whole Church in making decisions on matters of Christian doctrine, discipline, and worship. Anglicans accept the decisions of the first seven, which occurred before the Church was divided between East and West in 1054. They are:
Nicea, 325 AD: condemned Arianism & established the Creed
Constantinople I, 381 AD: condemned Apollinarianism &
Macedonianism
Ephesus, 431 AD: condemned Nestorianism and Pelagianism
Chalcedon, 451 AD: condemned Monophysitism
Constantinople II, 553 AD: condemned Nestorianism
Constantinople III, 681 AD: condemned Monothelitism
Nicea II, 797 AD: condemned Iconocloism
ECUSA: Episcopal Church in the United States of America.
EFM: Education For Ministry; a multi-year extension program of the School of Theology at the University of the South, Sewanee, Tennessee.
Episcopal: An adjective derived from the Greek word, episkopos, meaning overseer or bishop. Episcopalian is the noun. Episcopalians attend the Episcopal Church, not the Episcopalian Church. We are neither 'Piscopalains' nor 'Episcopals". We are Episcopalians.
Episcopal Church: The Episcopal Church, USA, a.k.a. ECUSA. It has about 2.5 million members in about 100 dioceses, including dioceses in Central America, the Caribbean, northern South America, and Taiwan, plus 11 parishes and missions in Europe and the Mission Territory of Micronesia.
The Episcopal Church was constitutionally inaugurated by the General Convention of 1789, in conjunction with the American War for Independence. The name was chosen both because of the tradition of the episcopate and apostolic succession, and to distance it from England. There was no resident bishop in the British colonies, causing problems when many of the clergy sided with the Crown during the American Revolution. The first bishop of the Episcopal Church, Samuel Seabury, was consecrated by bishops in the Scottish Episcopal Church in 1784.
The primate of the Episcopal Church is called Presiding Bishop.
Episcopal Church Seal:
The familiar Episcopal Church seal was adopted by the General Convention of 1940. The red cross is the cross of St. George, the patron saint of England. The colors, red, white, and blue are the colors of the United States and England. The nine crosslets in the blue field represent the dioceses which met in Philadelphia in 1789 to form the Episcopal Church. They were Connecticut, New York, Maryland, Delaware, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Virginia, and South Carolina.
Episcopate:
The office and ministry of bishop.
Executive Committee:
In many parishes, the rectors, wardens and the parish treasurer form an executive committee. They meet separately from the whole vestry, between official vestry meetings.
Executive Council:
The Presiding Bishop's version of an executive committee, consisting of appointed 'friends' and the elected president of each province.
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